tools

uv pip install pydantic # Data validation using Python type hints

uv

https://pypi.org/project/uv/

powershell -ExecutionPolicy ByPass -c "irm https://astral.sh/uv/install.ps1 | iex" # wget uv/uvw/uvx , v0.9.2 < 60MB
pip install uv
uv self update

uv python install 3.14 3.12 # around 20MB each
uv python list # supported versions & local path

cd $path
uv venv --python 3.12 --seed # cat .venv/pyvenv.cfg
uv tool run jupyter lab # v4.4.9 : 99 packages

scripts

https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/scripts/

uv run example.py

echo 'print("hello world!")' | uv run -

uv run - <<EOF
print("hello world!")
EOF

Projects

$cd example
$ uv add ruff
Creating virtual environment at: .venv
$ uv run ruff check
$ uv lock
$ uv sync

Jupyter: https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/integration/jupyter/#using-jupyter-within-a-project

uv run --with jupyter jupyter lab  # pyproject.toml or uv.lock

pipx

https://github.com/pypa/pipx?tab=readme-ov-file#overview-what-is-pipx - creates an isolated environment for each application - run from the command line directly

Anaconda

https://docs.anaconda.com/anaconda/packages/oldpkglists/

Anaconda3\condabin>conda.bat activate

~/.bashrc # conda initialize
conda config --set auto_activate_base false

conda create -n py3.14 python=3.14

EOL

https://endoflife.date/python

Ver Released EOS
3.14 Oct 2025 Oct 2027

Relative imports in Python 3

https://stackoverflow.com/a/49375740/4769874
from module1 intead of from .module1

# __init__.py
import os, sys
sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))

Distribution Default

Debian 7 wheezy   2.7.3   /   3.2
Debian 8 jessie   2.7.9   /   3.4
Debian 9 stretch  2.7.13  /   3.5
Debian 10 buster  2.7.14  /   3.6
Debian 11 bullseye            3.9

pip

# online
pip install git+   https://github.com/<owner_name>/<repo_name>.git

# local
pip install --download DIR -r requirements.txt
pip wheel --wheel-dir DIR -r requirements.txt
pip install --no-index --find-links=DIR -r requirements.txt

Proxy

export all_proxy="socks5://x:y" # cause python error: Missing dependencies for SOCKS support.
pip install --proxy=https://user@mydomain:port  somepackage

CN Mirror

mkdir -p ~/.pip \ && echo ‘[global]’ > ~/.pip/pip.conf \ && echo ‘index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/‘ >> ~/.pip/pip.conf \ && pip install -r requirements.txt

pypi

https://packaging.python.org/tutorials/distributing-packages/

twine upload --repository testpypi dist/*

Google Fire

https://github.com/google/python-fire/blob/master/docs/guide.md#accessing-properties

import fire

english = 'Hello World'
fire.Fire()

# .py english

fire.Fire(lambda obj: type(obj).__name__)

# .py 10 / "10"                 # output: int
# .py '"10"' / "'10'" / \"10\"  # output: str

# .py '{"name": "David Bieber"}' # notice the quote, output: dict
# .py {"name":"David Bieber"}    # Wrong. output: str

# .py --obj=True / --obj
# .py --obj=False / --noobj

def hello(name):
  return 'Hello {name}!'.format(name=name)

if __name__ == '__main__':
  fire.Fire()

# .py hello name_value

class Calculator(object):

  def add(self, x, y):
    return x + y

if __name__ == '__main__':
  fire.Fire(Calculator)

# .py add 10 20

class BrokenCalculator(object):

  def __init__(self, offset=1):
      self._offset = offset

  def add(self, x, y):
    return x + y + self._offset

if __name__ == '__main__':
  fire.Fire(BrokenCalculator)

# .py add 10 20 --offset=0

class Airport(object):

  def __init__(self, code):
    self.code = code
    self.name = fn_x(self.code)

if __name__ == '__main__':
  fire.Fire(Airport)

# .py --code=SJC name

pendulum

https://github.com/sdispater/pendulum#pendulum

tomorrow = pendulum.now().add(days=1)
last_week = pendulum.now().subtract(weeks=1)

if pendulum.now().is_weekend():
past.diff_for_humans()

Web automation

requestium

https://github.com/tryolabs/requestium
merges the power of Requests, Selenium, and Parsel into a single integrated tool

VSCode

Remote debugging

VS: https://youtu.be/y1Qq7BrV6Cc?t=228
VSCode: https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/python/debugging#_remote-debugging 

# bug: https://github.com/DonJayamanne/pythonVSCode/issues/981#issuecomment-308085243
pip install ptvsd==3.0.0

import ptvsd
ptvsd.enable_attach("my_secret", address = ('0.0.0.0', 3000))

ptvsd.wait_for_attach()

Pythonista on IOS

https://github.com/Pythonista-Tools/Pythonista-Tools/blob/master/Utilities.md

MongoDB ORM

http://ming.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

http://turbogears.readthedocs.io/en/latest/turbogears/mongodb.html

ASGI

uvicorn, daphne, or hypercorn

Web Frameworks

https://github.com/topics/web-framework?l=python
https://wiki.python.org/moin/WebFrameworks

starlette

https://github.com/encode/starlette

aiohttp

https://github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp
https://aiohttp.readthedocs.io/en/stable/
Supports both client and server Web-Sockets
Web-server has middlewares and pluggable routing.

Sanic

https://github.com/channelcat/sanic

API Server

https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi
http://www.hug.rest/

WSDL

http://www.soapclient.com/xml/soapresponder.wsdl
http://download.oracle.com/otn_hosted_doc/jdeveloper/1012/web_services/ws_wsdlstructure.html